Suicide is the third leading cause of death in the united states. Suicide, like any medical disorder, does not happen instantly or “out of the blue.” Usually, it is preceded by emotional turmoil such as depression, agitation, significant anxiety, impulsivity, feelings of hopelessness and helplessness. Many young people who attempt suicide are afflicted by depression or other mood disorders or substance abuse. Other emotional problems linked to suicide include conduct disorders (especially aggressive behavior), borderline personality disorder, and high levels of hopelessness. Suicide among children under the age of 14 is rare. Suicide by children under the age of 9 is extremely rare. Suicide prevention is as much a science as it is an art. Although applying scientific psychotherapeutic techniques can be effective, the gentle art of dealing with the suicidal person makes all the difference.

Signs of emotional illness or distress

• Depression.
• Agitation.
• Significant anxiety.
• Impulsivity.
• Feelings of hopelessness and helplessness.

General treatment

• This depends on the severity of the illness, and on the predisposing factors.
• Mild illnesses may respond to discussing the stresses, and finding better ways to deal with them.
• Encouragement to think and act positively (cognitive therapy) may be helpful.
• Treating depression without medication is like treating diabetes without insulin, especially when it is severe.